Due to the global increasing impact of bovine congestive heart failure (BCHF) on animals, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become a major concern for animal health, welfare, and economic sustainability. Although, the availability of diagnostic methods, such as biochemical assays and echocardiography, early diagnosis faces barriers related to cost, accessibility, and accuracy, in which the majority of cases remains undetected. Recently, nutritional interventions including omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) have proven capacity to influence cardiovascular function, immune response, vascular flexibility, and overall metabolic health. Hence, this study aimed to theoretical investigate the physiological and molecular processes by which omega-3 fatty acids influence the cardiovascular health of cattle. As a result, this research confirms the potential of dietary omega-3 fatty acids to enhance the nutritional content of cattle-derived food products, improve cardiovascular function in cows, and promote animal welfare by combining the findings of previous studies. In veterinary cardiology, omega-3 fatty acids are ultimately considered an effective preventative measure linking human nutrition, agricultural sustainability, and animal health

Natural abundance of the larval ectoparasitoid Diglyphus isaea walker was estimated on three summer host plants [tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), Bell peppers (Capsicum annuum), eggplants (Solanum melongena)] in Ojilate region. The parasitoid recorded low abundance in April on all studied host plants. Then developed high populations in May and June, the population then decreased by the end of the successive season. The parasitoid D. isaea showed 2-3 peaks of abundance on all investigated host plants, the highest one recorded 36, 29, and 16 individuals/ 50 infested leaflets on tomatoes, eggplant, and bell pepper respectively. The highest monthly average numbers in June on tomatoes recorded 26.25±3.86, in May on eggplants recorded 20.25±6.50, and in June on bell pepper recorded (20.25±6.50 individuals/ 50 infested leaflets). Moreover the highest average monthly percentages of parasitism occurred in May recorded (45.71±27.66, 41.04±25.13 and 25.19±11.19) on tomatoes, eggplants and bell pepper respectively

Abstract

Insect host preference by the larval pupal endoparasitoid Opius. pallipes was studied in Ojilate region in western Libya using broad bean (Vecia faba) as a host plant and the two leafmininig species, the American serpentine leaf miner Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) and the tomato leaf miner Liriomyza bryonia (Kaltenbach). Three peaks of abundance were recorded by O. pallipes on both insect hosts L. bryonia and L. trifolii. On brad bean a peak was exhibited with (81 individuals/ 100 infested leaflets) with L. trifolii whereas a peak of (31 individuals/ 100 infested leaflets) was exhibited with L. bryonia. The lowest count was observed with (33 individuals/ 100 infested leaflets) on L. trifolii and with (27 individuals/ 100 infested leaflets) on L. bryonia. Under laboratory conditions, insect host preference of the parasitoid O. pallipes was tested. The Results indicated that number of eggs and parasitized larvae per parasitoid female were significantly higher on L. trifolii than L. bryonia in the choice test with (9.2±3.9 eggs/female and 7.0±2.9 host larvae/female, on L. trifolii than L. bryonia respectively). On the other hand number of parasitized larvae per female was significantly higher in no choice test with (9.2±2.3 parasitized larva/female and 7.1±3.0 parasitized larva/female, on L. trifolii than L. bryonia respectively)